AMR vs AGV: Which Technology to Choose for Automated Warehouses?

In recent years, warehouse automation has become essential for companies seeking to optimise their logistics operations and increase productivity. Two of the most popular technologies for automating internal processes are AMRs (Autonomous Mobile Robots) and AGVs (Automated Guided Vehicles). Although these solutions share the goal of improving warehouse efficiency, they differ significantly in terms of operation, flexibility and applications.

In this article we will explore the features, advantages and uses of both technologies, to help you understand which solution is best suited to your warehouse.

What are AMRs and AGVs?

Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV):

AGVs are autonomous vehicles designed to follow predefined routes within a warehouse. They use physical guides such as belts, tracks or optical markers to move from point A to point B. Although they are highly reliable for standardised operations, their dependence on fixed routes makes them less suitable for dynamic or constantly changing environments.

Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMR):

AMRs represent more advanced technology that can move autonomously without the need for physical infrastructure. They use sensors, cameras, artificial intelligence and digital maps to dynamically navigate and adapt to their surroundings. AMRs can avoid obstacles and recalculate the route in real time, making them ideal for complex and evolving warehouses

Main differences between AMR and AGVs

The Advantages of AGVs

AGVs are particularly useful in structured and repetitive contexts.

• Lower initial cost: compared to AMRs, AGVs have a lower unit price, although additional infrastructure costs must be considered.
• Operational simplicity: by following predefined paths, their management is simple and does not require complex monitoring systems.
• Reliability: in controlled environments, AGVs guarantee constant and safe handling.

Ideal contexts:

• Warehouses with a stable and well-defined layout.
• Repetitive logistical operations, such as transport between fixed points.
• Industrial sectors with low dynamic environments, e.g. automotive or manufacturing.

The Advantages of AMR

AMRs are ideal for dynamic and changing environments.

• Operational flexibility: thanks to autonomous navigation, AMRs can quickly adapt to changing layouts and respond to changes in real time.
• Speed of implementation: as they do not require physical infrastructure, they can be installed and commissioned in a short time.
• Efficiency: they avoid obstacles and optimise routes, reducing downtime and improving productivity.
• Scalability: new robots can be added easily without changing the infrastructure.

Ideal contexts:

• Warehouses with high variability of processes or layouts.
• Sectors such as e-commerce, where operational flows can change rapidly.
• Companies needing more flexibility to respond to fluctuations in demand.

Conclusion

The choice between AMR and AGV (AMR vs AGV) depends on factors such as the layout of the warehouse, the nature of the processes and the business objectives:

• Choose AGVs if your warehouse is characterised by repetitive processes and a structured environment.
• Opt for AMRs if you need flexibility, scalability and adaptability in a dynamic and ever-changing environment.

Both technologies offer significant advantages and, in some cases, can be used in a complementary way to optimise overall warehouse efficiency.

If you want to learn more about which solution is best for your business, contact us! We will be happy to help you design the perfect automated warehouse for your needs.